Casimik de peoszynski



,C. DE PROSZYNSKI. PROLELCJJON APPARATUS.

APPLIATION men JULY 20. 1 912.

3,193,998, Patented'A1 1g.8, 1916.

I rinrrnn snares CASIMZR DE PROSZYNSKI, OF LbNDON, ENGLAND.

r noanc'rron arranarus.

aissieos.

To all whom it may c oncern:

Be it known that I, OASIMIR DE-PROSZYN- .snna subject of the Czar ofRussia, residing at 7 Montague streetg 'London, England, have inventednew and useful Improvements in Projection Apparatus, ,of yvhich thefollowing is a specification.

The object of the present invention is to produce a projection apparatusfor cinematographs, copying lanterns and similar lanterns, in which anincandescent electric lamp may be advantageously used" as the source oflight. p

The chief diiiiculties In the way of em ployment of incandescentelectric lamps for cinematographs are caused by the necessity of.placing the light emitting body in close proximity to the picture andotprovi'ding for an easy adjustment of the lamp with regard tothepicture and a quick removal of the lamp apparatus for the purpose ofexchanging the lamp the pictures. I According topthe resent -.inventionthe distance between the light emitting body 'or filament and thepicture is reduced-to a minimum by pivotally mounting the lamp orpreferably the wholelantcrn, that is the lamp and the lens combinationor condenser directly upon the wall of the casing or stand in-or pponwhich the pictures are guided, and also by reducing to a minimum thedistance between "the light emitting body and e portion of thefbulbinterposed between that body and the lens or condenser. As with electricincandescent lamps of ordinary construction the reduction ofthe distancebetween-the filament and the walljof the bulb wou d cause a rapiddeterioration "of the lamp due to the distribution of the deposit over acomparatively small a'rea,-the

present invention provides means for 001111-- teracting the effect ofthe reduction ofthe distance aforesaid, whether the reduction beobtained by a reduction of the size or diameter of the bulbvvithout anyalteration of the normal arrangement of the filament,

.or by an eccentric mounting of the light emitting body or filament withregard to the axis of the bulb, or by a combination of the two devicesreferred to. Generally speaking, the broad feature of this part of myinvention consists in so constructing the lamp as to contntrate theformation of the Specification of Letters l'atent.

rat-eaten Aug. e, 11ers.

' Application filed July 20, 1912. Serial Ho. ?10,617.

deposit due to the burning of the lamp upon a comparatively smallportion of the surface throngh which the light rays first pass beforereaching the lens or picture, and in simultaneously providing means formoving the said surface with regard to thelightemitting body so as toenable fresh portions or" the same to be brought into operation as"only, the plane of the section being per-pen dicular to the plane of thesection Fig. 1 and showing parts seen in Fig. 1 when looking from leftto right. Fi 4 is a trans.- verse sectional eleyation of time lampcasing and lens frame shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a diagrammaticillustration of a second construction of the lamp. Fig. 6 is a Viewsimilar to Fig.1 of a modified arrangement and Eig. '2' is a detail viewof the intermediate ring shown in Fig. 6. 5 In Fig. 1,- 1 represents thepicture to be illuminated which is held in the frame 1" of theprojection apparatus. To "this frame is hinged at 2 the lens frame 8having a central aperture surrounded by a flange 30 in which is fixedthe lens combination or the condenser i. The lens frame 3 may be swungupon the pivot 2 for the purpose of changing the pictures and may bealso easily detached from the frame 1 by removing the pivot pin 2. Uponan outer flange 31 of the lens frame 3 is mountedv a casing 5 containingthe lamp, the said casin preferably fitting over'the flange 81. Tecasingis preferably made of sheet metal and'may be adjusted upon theflange 31 for the purpose of regulating the distance between the,

desired other means ofconnection may be used. 1

ihe casing 5 is pfovided at its preferably domed end with a socket 6provided with an external screw thread and closed by means ofa screw cap32. Within the chamfl. bcr inclosed by the socket 6 the screw cap 32 andthe dome portion 33 is a ball or knob 7 which is clamped by means of thescrew 4 cap 32 against the lower portion of the casing 5. ,To the innerend of this knob 7 is secured an arm 7 which serves to hold or lamp hasbeen inserted into the holder with the turn-button 13through -theopening'12, the button is turned through 9.0 degrees whereby the lamp issecurely locked in the holder. l f i The lamp comprises in theconstruction shown a closed vacuum bulb 14 provided on the outside withacylindrical metal sleeve 15 representing one terminal of the lampand incontact with. the ring 10electrically connected with the terminal screw11; the

other electrode is represented by the button 13, which latter is inelectrical contact with the blade 8 which connects it with theoppositeterminal screw 9.v Itwill be seen that the whole lamp may beeasily inserted into, or removed from the casing-5 after removing thecasing from the lens frame 3. The. holder composed .of the parts 7 and10 remains permanently in the easing, and being supported by'the ballshaped member 7 en ables the lamp to be adjusted in the casing 5 withincertain limits in any desired direction. the cap 32 being tightened tosecure the lamp in an adjusted position.

The lamp proper comprises in the con struction shown in Figs. 1 and?! afilament 16 placed in close prqximity to the glass wall of thebulb 14.This arrangement of the filament with regard to the wall of the bulbbrings th illuminating point into close proximity to the picture .to beilluminated, whereby the efficiency ofthe lamp is con siderablyincreased, more especially as the lamp is mostly used in connection withvery small plctures. As owing to the close proximity of the filament tothe transparent surface through which the rays pass, a comparativelyrapid blackening of that surface must occur, a relative movementisprovided" for between the filament 16 and the glass or transparentmedium throughwhi'ch the light first passes, which in this modificationis the bulb 14 only, in such a manner that fresh parts of the surfacemay be brought into operation-as the translucency at the point near-estthe filament deteriorates owing to the deposition on the glass of carbonor other matter resulting from the burning of the lamp. The bulb 14in'closing the filamentlti may be readily turneu by hand about its axisfrom outside the casing 5 by means of the portion 15 protruding throughan aperturein the casing 5. It may be mentioned that the turn button 13is rotatably mounted on its stem in order to retain the lockingengagement of the button with the springplate 8 during the adjustment ofthe bulb 0 The filament itself does not take part in the movement of thebulb, being mounted in such a manner as to retain its position duringthe rotation of the bulb. As may be seen from Figs. 1 and 2, thefilament mqunted upon a revoluble or pivotal support provided with acounter-weight 17 and loosely arranged upon the horizontal pin or rod 18made'of glass or similar material.

The rod 18 preferably consists of -a glass tube embedded in the plug 34of the bulb.

Upon the glass; tube 18 are mounted two metal rings 19 which serve forelectrically connecting the filament 16-.with the supply wires.

One of these supply wires namely that marked 35. is passed throughthetube 18 and is connected at one end to the right hand'ring 19 and at theother end to a part integral with the stem dfthe turn button 13. Theother ring 19 is connected by a wire 36 outside of the tube 15-3 withthe metal sleeve 15. Upon the metal rings 19, 19 are mounted two bentwires orrod s 37 supporting the filamentr 16. These wires or rods 37 areconnected by across member 20, preferably. made. of glass, which maybeformed ,in one with the counterweight" 17 which may take the form'of-aglass ball as shown. The transverse member 20 supports moreover a forkor U-shaped wire 21 carrying at the outer end of its prongs two enddisks'22 made of metal. or glass and serving as screens for preventinglateral radiation. The object of these screens, is to preventtheblackening or soiling of the adjacent bulb surface by lateralradiation.A similar purpose is served by the transverse member 20 which not onlystifi'ens the support, but acts as screen in the radial direction andmay also act as a reflector.

. The filament 16 maybe of any suitablekind, but proper regard must behad to. the

so shaped and arranged as to obtain a maximum ncandescent surface w1th1na. nummum space. A

- In order to avoid accidental c nta beparticular requirements andobject of the lamp, and the filament should preferably be ncenseintermediate supports made of thin wire may be used as in ordinaryincandescent lamps. In addition, projections or supports made of theusual material, 'suchas chalk might be used, but in most cases no addtional supports are required.

The rings 19 may be. provided with tongues 23, 24 which serve as lateralstops for the arms or supports 37 rotatably mounted upon the rings. Thetongues are bent out of the waywhen mounting the arms 37 and after thelatter. have been placed upon the rings 19 the tongues 23, 24: are bentoutwardly.

Anotherfway of. avoiding the rapid dete'rioration of the lamp whichwould otherwise be caused by the proximity of the filamentvto the bulb,consists in mounting the filament in close proximity and in fixedrelation with the bulb and providing a transparent screen betweenthe-filament and the -bulb which screen is so arranged as to nioverelatively to the filament and the bulb when the position of the lampisaltered. In this construction therefore the position of the filamentwith regard to the bulb'is not al "tered, but owing to the relatiremovement of the screen freshsurfaces 'ofthe screen are successivelybrought into operation.- As in thls case it is-the screen on which thedeposit takes place the same object is at tained as with the previousconstruction.- An arrangement of this kind. is shown inf .Fig. -5 inwhich the filament, 16 is placed in close proximity to the end or domeportion of the-bulb." Upon the filament support be found to'workwithbetter practical re-.

38 is fixed an inclined pivotfor pin 40 upon which is 1 loosely mountedthe revoluble .screen 41. This screen may have the shape bf a hollowhemisphere. made of glass and provided with a weight 42 which iseccentric'ally' arranged and has therefore the tendency to move-alwaysinto a certain position. with regardto the shaft 40. When the lamp. isturned about'its axis the pivot 40 is carriedfaroundpand thecap orscreen 41 is moved upon the shaft by the counter-. weight 42 so thatfresh portion of the screen is brought 0 posi-te the filament 16.Although this arrangement may be simpler in some respects than thatshown in Figs. 1 to 4, in practice the; latter construction may suitsthan may beio shown in Fig. 5.. 6 and 7 "shown simplified arrangebtainedwith the lamp" ment of combined lamp and easing adjust- 43 passingthrough slots 44.. a. lamp is supported by means of its plug portionfitting in the aperture in the casing 5. the

ring 15 making contact directly with the casing upon which the bindingscrew 11 1S fixed as before. The parts 7 8, 9 and 13 are as describedwith reference to Fig. 1,.

It will be understood that the filament can i .to be illuminated, thisobject being attained by the novel arrangement of the lamp or. lanterndirectly upon the portion of the casing in which the picture is guided,and

bythe improved construction of the lampin which the distance between thelight emittin body or filament and the transparent wa l inclosing thesame is reduced to a minimum without any disadvantage;'owing to .theprovision of means for distributing the deposit successively over acomparatively large area.

The invention is not restricted to the constructions shown'in which thefilament is placed eccentrically within the bulb. If desired thefilament may be placed in the usual manner in or near thecenter of thebulb, and

a very small bulb may be used in order to reduce the distance which therays have'to pass before they reach the lens or the picture. In order toavoid the rapid deteriora .tion ofthe transparency of the bulb mate rialmay be used which partly incloses the filament in the manner'shown inFigs. 1 and 3 and causes the deposit to accumulate rial, a screen ofglass or other suitable-mateon a comparatively small portion of theinner wall of the bulb. The screen maybe' loosely mounted andcounter-weighted so was to retain its position when the bulb is turnedinosder to bring a fresh and clean portion of the same between thefilament and the picture.

I claim:

1. An incandescent electric lamp for optical projection apparatus hatinga filament closer to one portion of the bulb than any other portionthereof, mechanical means for shifting the filament relative to the bulband thereby causing the accumulation of deposit from the filament totake place successively on diflerent places- 01 said bulb while maintaining-the filamentbody incandescent; substantially as described.

. 2. An incandescent electric lamp having a transparent wall and. afilament closer to one portion of. the .wal-l than another, por-,tion'thereof, mechanical means for shifting one element relative to theother and thereby causing the accumulation of deposit from thefilamentto take place successively on different places 'on said wall withoutchanging the position of the filament, substantially as described.

3. An incandescent electric lamp for. op-

- tical projection apparatus havinga filament and a transparent body inwhich the deposit from the filament has a tendency to accumulate on arestricted portion of the transparent body through which the light firstpasses, said filament being'closer to one portion of the transparentbody than another portion thereof, mechanical means for shifting oneelement relative to the other and thereby causing the accumulation to@take place successively on difierent places of 'said body Whilemaintaining the filament stationary, substantially as described.

4. An'incandes'cent'electric lamp for op tical, projection apparatushaving a filament and'a transparent bodv in which the deposit from thefilament has the tendency to accu-' mulate on a restricted'portionof'the trans? parent body through which the light first passes, saidfilament being closer to one portion of the transparent body thananother vportion thereof, mechanical means for shlfting one elementrelative to the other and thereby causing the accumulation to take placesuccessively on different places of said body while maintaining thefilament 'in' the same" position and incandescent, substantially asdescribed.

5. An optical projection apparatus for cinematographs, having anincandescent electric lamp for illuminating the picture,

] a said lamp having a filament and a trans- 6. Incandescent electriclamp for optical.

projection apparatus, comprising in combination a transparent wall, anincandescent body mounted nearer to one point of said wall than anyother point, and means for shiftingone element relative to the other toprevent concentration of the deposit by said 'body on one. portion ofsaid Wall,'substantially as described.

7. Incandescent electric lamp for optical I projection comprising incombination an incandescent body arranged close to one point of itsinclosingbulb, and mechanical means for sluftmg one element relative'tothe ther adapted to prevent concentrated deposits on one portion of saidbulb from said incandescent body, substantially as described.

8. Incandescent electric lamp for optical projection compris ng incombination an in candescent body arranged closer to one portion of itsinclosing bulb than another portion thereof, and weighted pivotal meansadapted to operate upon adjustment of said lamp to prevent concentrationof depo'slts on one portion of said bulb fromsaid incandescent body,substantially as described.

9. Incandescent electric lamp for optical projection comprising apivotal support, an incandescent body, plvota'lly mounted on saidsupport in closer proximity to one portion of the lamp bulb thananotherportion thereof, and a weight connected to said body,substantially as described. j

10. An incandescent electric lamp for optical projection, having apivot, 22 frame mounted on said pivot, an incandescen'tibody on saidframe closer to one portion ofethe lamp bulb than another portionthereof,

screens secured on said'frame laterally of said. body for preventingblackening of the bulb by a lateral radiation of the deposit from theincandescent body, and a counterweight on said frame, and means forshift ing the bulb to successively bring new portions thereof adjacentto the incandescent body, substantially as described.

' 11. A rotatable incandescent lamp for op tieal projection, comprisinga weighted pivoted device, an mounted on the pivoted device andsupported in-closer proximity to one portion of the lamp bulb thananother portion thereof,

incandescent body.

said weighted pivoted device being adapted to maintain the incandescentbody in a substantially stationary position when the lamp;

is rotated, substantially as described.

12. An incandescent electric lamp for optical projection comprising incombination an incandescent body arranged closer to one portion of itsinclosing bulb than another portion thereof, a pivoted device having acounterweight for supporting the in- 'candescent body and adapted toop'erate upon adjustment of said lamp to prevent concentration ofdeposits by said\-nc andes cent body on one portion of said bulb, and aholder adapted to rotatably support said lamp, substantially asdescribed 13. An incandescent electric lamp for optical projectioncomprising in combination an incandescent body arranged closer to onepoint of its inclosing bulb than another portion thereof,-a weightedpivoted device for supportingsaid body and adapted to operate uponadjustment of said lamp to prevent concentration of deposit by saidincandes cent body on one' portion of said bulb, a

holder adapted to rotatably support said,

' lamp,

messes lbmp, and a balland-socket support for-said I holder,substantially as described." 1 14. An incandescent electric lamp foroptical projection comprising an incandescentbody arranged'j closer toone portion of its.

inclosing bulb than another portion thereof,

a weighted-pivoted device for supporting said body and adapted tooperate upon adjustment of said'lamp to prevent concentration of depositby said incandescent body on one portion of said bulb, a holder adaptedto rotatably supportsaid lamp, a casing inclosing said holder and thebulb of said said vcasing having an opening through which the plug ofthe lamp extends,

and a ball and socket connection on said edin said holder, said lampcomprising an incandescent body arranged nearer to the lamp bulb at apoint opposite the lens than at. any other point, substantially as setforth.

16. An optical projection apparatus comprising a lens frame, a lenssupported there-- in; a lamp inclosing casing adjustably sup ported onsaid frame, a lamp holding device on saidcasing, and a lamp rotatablymounted in said device having its filament closer to the bulb at thepoint nearest to the lens than another point thereof, substantially asset forth.

17. An optical projection apparatus comprising a lens frame, a lampinclosing casmg, means on said frame adaited to support said casing, alamp rotata ly mounted in said casing, a flexible member mounted on saidcasing, revoluble means on the plug of said lamp adapted to engage saidflexible member tosecure said lamp, and means in said lamp forsupporting the filament thereof closer to the lamp bulb at a pointnearest to the lens frame than at any other point thereof, substantiallyas set forth.

18. An optical projection apparatus, comprising a lens frame, acylindrical lamp inclosing casing having an open end, means on saidframe for adjustably supporting the open end of the casing, a lamphaving, a filament supported in said casing, said lament being closer toone portion of the lam bulb than to the other portions thereo means forrotating the bulb with relation to the filament to successively presentnew portions thereof adjacent to the filament, and securing means onsaid casing to mamtain'the lamp in position; substantially as described.

19. An optical projection apparatus, comprising-a picture slipport, alens frame piv "oted to said support, a cylindrical lamp in closingcasing, an annular projection on said frame adj ustably engaging theopen end of sa d frame,-a lamp rotatably mounted in said and having afilament closer to one portion-of the lamp bulb than to other lamp bulbwith relation to the filament to successively bring new portions of thebulb adjacent to the filament, and lamp securing means on said casing;substantially as described.

portions thereof, and means for rotating the 20. An incandescent lampfor optical projection, comprising an incandescent body ar-- rangedWithin a closed bulb, said incandescent body being closer to one portionof the bulb than any other portion thereof, means for rotating the bulbwith relation to the incandescent body to successively bring freshportions thereof adjacent to the incandescent body, and screens at thesides of said body and within said bulb for preventing lateralradiation; substantially as described.

An. incandescent electric lamp for op tical projection, comprising-anincandescent body arranged closer to one point of its encircling bulbthan any other portion thereof,

said bulb being arranged to be rotated with relation to the incandescentbody to successively bring fresh portions of the bulb adjacent to theincandescent body, screens at the sides of said body and ithin said bulbfor preventing lateral radiation, and a screen behind said body andwithin the bulb for preventing backward radiation; substantially asdescribed.

22. An incandescent electric lamp for optical projection comprising abulb, av central stem in said bulb, a filament support pivotally'mountedon said stem, a filament connected thereto, said filament being closerto one portion of the bulb than a ry other portions thereof, acounter-weight on said support, and screens no said support arrangedpartially around the filament, substantially as dg'scribed.

said filament being closer to one portion of the bulb than any otherportions thereof, a

cross-member below said filament connecting saidrods, and acounter-weight connected to said cross member, substantially asdescribed.

24. An incandescent electric lamp for optical projection comprising abulb, a central stem in said bulb, two rings loosely mounted on saidstem, a rod projecting from each ring, a-filament supported between saidrods, said filament being closer to one portion of the bulb than anyother portions thereof, [In testimony whereof I have signed my acounter-weight connected to said cross member, a U-shaped' wireextending from said cross-member to the sides of said filaments anddisks" on the ends of said Wires to prevent lateral radiation,substantially as described; Y,

two subscribingwitnesses. t OASIMIR DE PROSZYNSKI.

Witnesses: Y I

O.'J. WORTH,

RuJ-XVILLIAMS.

name to this specification in thepresence of

